|
STRUCTURE
|
FUNCTION
|
CELL MEMBRANE
| Thin elastic layer. |
It controls which substances go in and out.
It detecs stimuli.
It communicates with others cells. |
CYTOPLASM
| Gel-like substance. |
It contains the organelles.
Chemical reactions take place here. |
RIBOSOMES
|
Composed of two sub-units.
Don't have membrane. | They make (synthesise) proteins. |
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
|
Interconnected sacs and canals.
Rough ER has ribosomes attached to the membrane. |
Smooth: Synthesis of some hormones and lipids.
Breakdown of toxins in liver cells.
Rough: Stores and transports proteins. |
GOLGI BODY/APPARATUS
| Net-like stacks of flattened membranous sacs with vesicles. | It transports substances from the ER by means of the vesicles. |
LYSOSOMES
| Small vesicles with a single membrane | They have digestive substances that break down large food partricles into smaller ones |
MITOCHONDRIA
|
Double membrane.
The inner one is folded forming cristae. | Cellular respiration (nutrients are converted to energy) |
VACUOLE (MEMBRANOUS VESICLE)
| Membranous sacs. | It stores nutrients, waste and other materials. |
CENTRIOLES
| Two hollow cylinders composed of filaments | They organize the separation of chromosomes during cell division. |
CYTOSKELETON
| Series of long, thin filaments (microtubules) |
It holds the organelles.
It gives shape to hte cell.
It allows movement (cilia and flagella). |
NUCLEUS
|
Nuclear membrane with pores.
DNA (contains hereditary information for the life of the cell). It can be seen as chromatin (DNA+ proteins) or chromosomes.
Nucleolus: produces ribosomes.
| It controls the activities of the cell. |